车身阻尼材料布局拓扑优化设计

Topology Optimization Design of Car Body Damping Material Layout

针对某车型车内匀速噪声控制问题,提出一种基于多目标动力学拓扑优化的阻尼材料设计方法。首先,通过车身声-振耦合分析获知车内噪声响应异常峰值频率。接着,以车身壁板噪声贡献量和模态贡献量为指标进行综合分析。然后,构建综合考虑车身壁板动力学控制和阻尼材料质量控制的多目标动力学拓扑优化数学模型,并获得阻尼材料布局方案。将该方案与基于模态应变能的阻尼材料设计方案进行对比分析获知,前者降噪效果更佳。最后,通过实车测试,证明该方案可明显抑制车内匀速噪声。研究表明,该阻尼材料设计方法具有良好的实用价值。

Aiming at the problem of constant speed interior noise control in a vehicle model, a damping material design method based on multi-objective dynamic topology optimization is proposed. Firstly, the abnormal peak frequency of noise response in the car is obtained through the sound and vibration coupling analysis. Secondly, a comprehensive analysis is carried out based on the body wall panel noise contribution and modal contribution. Then, a multi-objective dynamic topology optimization model considering the dynamic control of body panels and mass control of damping materials is constructed, and a damping material layout scheme is obtained. This scheme is compared with the damping material design scheme based on modal strain energy, and the former has a better noise reduction effect than the latter. Finally, through the actual vehicle test, it is verified that this scheme has significantly improved the constant speed noise in the car. The above study shows that this damping material design method has a high practical value.