斜角针穿刺中PVC人造血管的受力和变形研究

Study on the force and deformation of PVC artificial blood vessel in the puncture of oblique needle

在静脉注射中,针尖会穿透血管壁,使血管发生较大的变形,给人体血管带来损伤,更有可能造成严重的出血后果。为了减少血管的变形和损伤,本研究使用PVC溶胶材料制成人造血管模型进行静脉穿刺的模拟实验,测量针在行进过程中的受力情况,并对针进入人造血管模型的视频逐帧处理,比对分析针在不同速度下的受力和血管变形量。绘制针在不同速度下的力-位移曲线图和针尖不同斜面朝向时的血管变形量-速度曲线图。最后运用粘弹性开尔文模型建立了生物组织模型,结合断裂力学的知识,分析验证试验得出的应力和速度之间关系。

In intravenous injection,the needle will penetrate the wall of blood vessels,resulting in greater deformation of the blood vessels.The occurrence of this situation will bring damage to human blood vessels,more likely to cause serious bleeding consequences.In order to reduce the deformation and damage of blood vessels,in this paper,the artificial blood vessel model made from PVC sol material was used to conduct the analogue experiment of venipuncture;and the force condition of the needle in the course of moving was measured,and the video frame of the needle′s moving into the artificial blood vessel model was processed to analyze the stress and the vascular deformation for the needle at different speeds,so as to draw that the force-displacement curve for the needle at different speeds as well as the blood vessel deformation-velocity curve with the needle tip of facing different bevels.Finally,a biological tissue model was established by viscoelastic Kelvin model,and the relationship between the stress and the velocity obtained from tests was analyzed and validated by combining with the knowledge of fracture mechanics.