清中至清末郑州八景比较研究及游赏观照

Comparative Study on Eight Sceneries of Zhengzhou from Middle Qing Period to Late Qing Period and Its Relation of Tourism Activities

中国传统城市中的"八景"是基于城市历史、自然、人文等景观资源梳理,按照一定的秩序所形成的具有清晰的空间结构关系的城市地标与游憩系统,以表达特定时代的理想景观秩序与现实游赏需求。通过梳理郑州地方志所载的八景文献,运用历史还原、时空结合等研究方法,对比分析清中至清末150年间郑州八景空间分布、类型特征、核心景观的变迁以及具体游赏上的差异。结果显示:清中郑州八景是州域范围内的景观秩序构建,清末郑州八景则与之互补,是州城范围内的景观资源筛选;两者的相互配合形成了结构清晰、功能完整的城市游赏体系;八景的变化体现了郑州近代城市化前后自然环境、城市建设和社会生活的变迁。

The eight sceneries of Chinese traditional city is based on urban history, nature and humanities landscape resources, according to certain order to form a clear structure of urban landmarks, to express an ideal landscape order and to fit a reality touring demand. This paper compared the eight sceneries in Zhengzhou from middle Qing period to late Qing period in spatial distribution, types, core landscape and the differences of touring by using literature, historical reduction, combination of time and space and other research methods. Conclusion is reached that the eight sceneries of middle Qing period is based on the scope of the county to establish certain landscape order, while,the eight sceneries of late Qing period is based on the selection of landscape resources within the scope of the city. They are complementary to each other, to fit the common people’s tourism activities. The changes of the eight sceneries reflect the urbanization process of Zhengzhou and the evolution of social life.