基于儿童不满表达分析的汉语“感叹句”研究

Chinese “Exclamatory Sentences” Based on Study of Child Dissatisfaction Expressions

儿童不满表达有六种方式,分别是陈述他人不利行为表达不满、对他人进行否定评价、责问、责令、威胁警告和排斥对抗。以上不同表达方式的宣泄力度有差别,对他人的面子威胁依次增大,宣泄不满的力度逐渐增强。同一种不满表达的宣泄力度有差别,仅使用语义手段,不满的宣泄力度最小,使用其他有标志的手段可增强不满的宣泄力度。儿童不满表达中,陈述他人不利行为、对他人进行否定评价属于陈述句范畴,责问他人属于疑问句范畴,责令、威胁警告属于祈使句范畴,且儿童不满表达的每一种方式都可表达强烈情感,所以"感叹句"不应作为一个独立的句类,与陈述句、疑问句、祈使句并列。

There are six main ways for children to express their dissatisfaction i.e.stating their dissatisfaction to the adverse behaviors by others,negatively evaluating others,bringing others to account,blaming or ordering others,threatening or warning others and repelling or resisting others.The foregoing expression ways are different in the degree of catharsis,increase the threat to others’ images in turn and strengthen the degree of the catharsis of dissatisfaction gradually;even one expression way of dissatisfaction has different degrees of catharsis.The expression form of dissatisfaction with only semantic means i.e.mark free is the smallest in the degree of the catharsis of dissatisfaction while the phonetic means can improve the degree of the catharsis of dissatisfaction. Exclamatory sentences are defined as the sentences expressing strong emotions,but because all expression ways of children’s dissatis-faction can express strong emotions and they are involved with the so-called four types of sentences i.e.declarative,interrogative,impera-tive and“exclamatory sentences”.The“exclamatory sentences”are recommended to be removed for no need of existence.