中国省际水资源利用效率及影响因素分析

Study on China's Provincial Water Resources Utilization Efficiency and Its Influencing Factors

水资源的高效利用可以缓解经济发展与水环境污染之间的矛盾冲突,促进城市的可持续发展。通过构建评价指标体系,利用三阶段EBM-DEA模型和GML指数,对"十二五"期间中国30个省市的水资源利用效率进行全面、动态评价。结果显示:中国省际水资源利用效率呈现东部>中部>西部的趋势,区域间差异明显。通过对水资源利用效率的影响因素分析发现,经济发展水平、水资源禀赋、产业结构、人口素质、政府扶持、人口密度等环境因素对中国水资源的效率水平有不同程度的影响。动态分析表明,水资源全要素生产率指数主要受到技术进步的影响,技术效率的下降对其增长具有抑制作用。据此,深入分析并提出了可行性对策,对未来各地区合理利用水资源提供了针对性的建议。

High efficiency utilization of water rescaurce can alleviate the contradiction between economic development and water environment pollution and promote sustainable urban development.Based on three-stage EBM-DEA model and the GML index and choosing the statistical data from 2011 to 2015,this paper structures evaluation model to analyze the utilization efficiency of water resources and explores the affecting factors.The results show that China's inter-provincial water use efficiency steps down from eastern region to central regian and then to western,and the differences in regions are obvious.Further analysis of the influencing factors shows that economic development level,water endowment,industrial structure,population quality,government support,and population density have different effects on the efficiency of China's water resources.Dynamic analysis shows that the total factor productivity index of water resources is mainly affected by technological progress,and technical efficiency decline has an inhibitory effect on its growth.In this paper,we have proposed feasible countermeasures to provide suggestions for the rational use of water resources in the future.