应用于卫星导航的新型宽带宽波束交叉振子天线

Novel Design of Wideband and Wide-Beam Crossed Dipole Antenna for Global Navigation Satellite Systems

本文提出了一种新型交叉偶振子天线,通过加载磁电偶极子,单点馈电实现了宽带宽波束圆极化辐射特性。交叉振子分为上下两层,每层振子通过四分之一圆环相连馈电实现90°相差。天线置于一定高度的金属腔体内部,从而能够实现单向辐射特性,同时兼备宽角圆极化及高前后比特性。优化设计的天线外形尺寸为:130×130×40mm^3,天线反射系数<-10dB带宽覆盖1.12～2.26GHz,轴比<3dB带宽覆盖1.16～1.75GHz,3dB右旋圆极化宽角轴比>150°。该天线工作频率能够覆盖L波段全部卫星导航频率,可广泛应用于卫星导航领域。

A crossed dipole that is loaded with a magneto-electric dipole to produce the wideband and wide-beam circularly polarized radiation characteristics is proposed.The crossed dipole is divided into two layers,Each layer is connected to a vacant-quarter ring to achieve 90°phase difference.The antenna is backed by a metallic cavity to provide a unidirectional radiation pattern with a wide axial-ratio(AR)beam-width and a high front-to-back ratio.Experimental results showed that the prototype with an overall size of 130×130×40mm^3 has a|S11|<-10 dB bandwidth of 1.12-2.26 GHz and a 3-dB AR bandwidth of 1.16-1.75 GHz.The antenna showed a right-hand circular polarization(CP)radiation with a very wide 3-dB AR beam-width(>150°).The operating frequency of this antenna can cover all satellite navigation frequencies in the L-band and can be widely used in the field of satellite navigation.