计及需求侧响应的虚拟电厂运行优化研究

Research on Operation Optimization of Virtual Power Plants under Consideration of Demand-side Response

随着风电光伏等分布式发电资源以及不可参与电力直接交易的中小用户等需求侧资源的引入,传统配电网系统的优化调度变得更加复杂,因此虚拟电厂作为可以有效整合需求侧资源并参与电力市场交易的电力主体,受到越来越多的关注。综合考虑风电的出力特性与中小用户负荷的不确定性,将传统机组组合引入风电场控制,构建基于收益最大化的虚拟电厂协调调度模型。通过算例验证在虚拟电厂代理模式下,储能装置和可控负荷的调峰作用十分重要,同时表明在虚拟电厂代理模式下,虽然系统成员可能无法达到自身效用最优,但虚拟电厂仍是一种保证社会效用最大的资源整合方式。

With the introduction of distributed generation resources such as wind power photovoltaic as well as demand-side resources including small and medium-sized users which cannot participate in direct power trading, optimal dispatch of traditional distribution network systems becomes more and more complicated. In this background, the virtual power plant, as a power principal which can effectively integrate demand-side resources and participate in power market transactions, is attracting more and more attention. Under overall consideration of wind power output characteristics and uncertainty of the loads of small and medium-sized users, a coordinating dispatch model was established for the virtual power plant on the basis of revenue maximization by introducing traditional unit combination into wind farm control. Example calculation verified that energy storage devices and peak regulation of controllable loads could play an important role in the virtual power plant proxy mode, and virtual power plant could still be an approach for resource integration with maximal social utility even if system members might not be able to optimize their own revenues in the virtual power plant proxy mode.