石漠化治理区土地利用变化安全性评价——以花江、红枫湖、鸭池石漠化治理区为例

Evaluation on security of land use change in rocky desertification control areas:Taking Huajiang, Hongfenghu and Yachi as examples

土地利用变化的安全性是可持续土地利用的重要评价标准之一。以花江、红枫湖、鸭池三个石漠化治理区为例,运用"纵横向"拉开档次法,对石漠化治理区土地利用变化的安全性开展评价,为评估石漠化治理区土地利用变化效应和改进石漠化治理区的土地利用方式提供借鉴。结果表明:(1)石漠化治理区的土地利用变化明显。花江、红枫湖、鸭池三个石漠化治理区的土地利用变化面积比例分别为2.85%、3.34%和37.88%,表现为林地和建设用地增加,耕地和未利用地减少。(2)土地利用变化对不同治理区的综合安全性和生态、经济、社会安全性的影响不同。花江治理区和红枫湖治理区的综合安全性分别提高1.44%和0.46%;鸭池治理区的综合安全性下降了1.9%。花江治理区的生态、社会安全性有所提升,经济安全性有所下降;红枫湖治理区的生态安全性有所提升,经济安全性变化不明显,社会安全性有小幅下降;鸭池治理区的生态安全性有明显下降,经济安全性有小幅提升,社会安全性有小幅下降。(3)各治理区的生态、经济、社会安全性对土地利用变化的敏感性存在差异,其中生态安全性对土地利用变化最敏感。揭示石漠化治理区土地利用变化对生态安全性的影响最明显。在后续石漠化治理和土地利用规划中,应重点关注土地利用变化对区域生态安全的影响。

The security of land use change is one of the important criteria for evaluating sustainable land use. The study takes Huajiang, Hongfenghu and Yachi rocky desertification control areas as examples, evaluates the security of land use change of rocky desertification control areas based on the "vertical-and-horizontal" method, and provides reference for evaluating the impact of land use change on rocky desertification and improving the land use pattern in the study areas. The results show that:(1) Land use change in the rocky desertification control areas is evident. The proportion of land use change in Huajiang,Hongfenghu and Yachi is 2.85%, 3.34% and 37.88%, respectively. Forest and construction land increased, while farmland and unused land decreased.(2) The comprehensive security and ecological, economic and social securities of land use change in different areas are different.The comprehensive security of Huajiang and Hongfenghu rose by 1.44% and 0.46%, while that of Yachi declined by 1.9%. In the Huajiang control area, the ecological and social securities were raised, and the economic security was declined. In the Hongfenghu control area, the ecological security rose, the economic security did not change remarkably, and the social security declined a little. In the Yachi control area, the ecological security declined significantly,the economic security rose a little, and the social security declined slightly.(3) The sensitivities of ecological, economic and social securities to land use change are different obviously, and ecological security is the most sensitive among these securities. The results reveal that the effect of land use change on ecological security is most obvious. In the follow-up rocky desertification control and land use planning, we should focus on the effect of land use change on ecological security.