苹果标准化生产、规制效果及改进建议——基于山东、陕西、甘肃3省11县960个苹果种植户的调查分析

Apple Standardized Production and Improving Recommendations:Based on Shandong、Shaanxi and Gansu 960 Apple Growers' Field Investigation in China

本文以无公害食品-苹果生产技术规程为依据,采用描述性统计分析方法及山东、陕西、甘肃960个样本苹果种植户调查数据,评估现阶段苹果产业标准化生产状况。结果表明,主产区苹果种植户对标准化生产的价值感知认同较高,但标准化生产程度较低,其中化肥、农药过度施用严重;市场上标准化农产品的消费意愿溢价低于苹果种植户采纳标准化生产技术规范的意愿溢价。生产规制方面,27. 92%的样本苹果种植户认为存在标准化生产的监督、检查约束;组织参与有助于改进苹果种植户采纳标准化生产行为规制的有效性。从促进苹果种植户标准化生产视角来看,建议政府注重培育标准化产品市场,强化规制市场行为,重视宣传与提高苹果种植户标准化生产认知,促进适度规模经营。

This paper assesses the status of standardized production in apple industry, with descriptive statistics method and 3 provinces 960 apple Growers' field investigation, based on the Apple Production Technical Specifications of Pollution - free Standard. The result showed that the apples growers in the main producing areas had higher perceived value of standardized production but lower standardization of production, and also used chemical fertilizers and pesticides excessively. Standardized product consumption premium cannot incite apple growers' willingness to product. For production regulations ,27. 92% of the sample households recognized they had supervision in standardized production;Organization participation could regulate the standardized production effectively. Hence, for promoting the standardized production , it is suggested that the government should pay attention to improving the standardized product market, strengthening market-based regulation, emphasizing publicity and raising the growers' awareness of standardized production, and promoting moderate-scale production.