资本投入、利益分配与合作社生产性集体投资

Capital Investment,Benefit Distribution and Cooperative Collective Investment

合作社开展生产性集体投资是延伸产业链、增加经营利润的常见选择,但是这一投资行为在现实中却很少存在,这极大地影响了合作社作用的发挥。针对这一现象进行解释有助于理解现实中合作社不尽人意的发展现状。本文首先从理论上剖析合作社开展生产性集体投资所需的前提条件,然后用多案例比较的方式加以佐证,并结合中国国情解释了中国合作社罕见进行集体投资的成因。分析表明,具备良好的产业基础、有强烈的加工或品牌建设需求、同时获得了政府资金支持的合作社更有可能进行集体投资,而当前农户生产经营规模普遍偏小、农户间异质性强、财政扶持有限综合决定了合作社开展生产性集体投资的现象不会普遍存在。

It is a common choice for Farmers' Professional Cooperatives ( FPC) to extend industrial chain and increase profits to develop productive collective investment. However, it rarely exists in reality, greatly affecting the role of cooperatives. It contributes to understand the unsatisfactory development of cooperatives in reality to analyze this phenomenon. This paper will analyze the prerequisites for the cooperatives to carry out productive collective investment and explain the reason why FPC seldom make collective investment in our country with two typical cases. Result shows that the better industrial foundation , stronger brand demand and stronger government support make more collective investment. In fact, the scale of production is generally small ,the heterogeneity between peasant households is strong, and the financial support is limited, which determines that it will not be widespread. Finally, the policy implications are discussed.