招呼语“你好”的演变及其对外语交际教学的启示

On Pragmatic Change of nihao in Present-day China and Its Implication in Communicative Language Teaching

本文从日常招呼语“你好”在中国现代社会的语用类型和演变出发,比较了中美汉语使用者说“你好”的不同情境,从语用学、社会语言学、跨文化交际、二语习得等多个角度讨论了外语教学中存在的因真实场景缺失和受母语影响而时常发生的单一和过度使用某些表达的现象,对交际教学法的进一步完善有一定启示作用。

The current paper presents the linguistic analysis of a Chinese greeting “nihao” in both literature and reality, and compares the practical use of “nihao” by both native and non-native Chinese speakers, which leads to a discussion of some existing problems observed in foreign language teaching and learning. The problems include overuse and overgeneralization of certain words and expressions, and lack of use of some others. These problems are caused by the deficient exposure to authentic (non-)linguistic setting. The study may provide a further understanding of the communicative method of teaching and learning a different language.