定量评估机动车限行、共享单车对西安市PM_(2.5)的影响

Quantitative Assessment the Influence of Driving Restriction Policy and Bike-Sharing on PM_(2.5) in Xi'an, China

通过收集2016年9月1日至2017年2月28日中国空气质量在线监测分析平台公布的空气质量监测数据,利用统计分析和相关分析法,定量评估机动车限行政策、共享单车的投放使用对西安市PM_(2.5)的影响,旨在为西安市的空气污染防治管理和科学决策提供理论依据。结果表明:不论有无机动车限行和共享单车,交通高峰时段的大气PM_(2.5)浓度均低于非交通高峰时段。源解析表明,交通高峰时段产生的汽车尾气、道路扬尘等只是PM_(2.5)的来源之一,燃煤、生物质燃烧、工业生产等产生的SO_2、PM_(10)、CO和NO_2均对PM_(2.5)浓度有重要影响。在共享单车和限行政策的共同作用下,西安市的PM_(2.5)浓度得到了一定改善,但改善的幅度十分有限。改善空气质量仅靠机动车限行和共享单车投放很难起到明显效果,还应该从改善能源结构、提高节能水平、增加绿化面积等多方面着手。

By collecting PM 2.5 concentration monitoring data published by China Air Quality Online Monitoring and Analysis Platform from September 1, 2016 to February 28, 2017, using statistical analysis and correlation analytic method to evaluate the impact of traffic restriction policy and bike-sharing on PM 2.5 , aims to provide a theoretical basis for air pollution control management and scientific decision-making in Xi'an. The results indicate that regardless of whether there are traffic restrictions or bike-sharing, the PM 2.5 concentration during peak traffic periods is lower than non-traffic peak periods. Source analysis shows that vehicle exhaust and road dust generated during peak traffic are only one of the sources of PM 2.5 ,SO 2, PM 10 , CO and NO 2 produced by coal combustion, biomass burning, industrial production have an important impact on PM 2.5 concentration. Under the combined action of sharing bicycles and restriction policy, the concentration of PM 2.5 in Xi'an has been improved to some extent, but very limited. It is difficult to improve the air quality only by restricting the traffic of motor vehicles and sharing bicycles, it should also start from improve the energy structure, energy conservation and increase the green area and so on.