气力红花采收机集花罩结构优化设计

Structure Optimization Design of Set Flowers Cover of Pneumatic Safflower Harvesting Machine

红花采摘装置集花罩是气力红花采收机的关键工作部件,其外部形状结构是影响花丝采收效率的主要因素。气力红花采收机集花罩的设计以往均是以经验为主,基于经验设计,对集花罩进行结构设计。以圆柱形集花罩和锥形集花罩为研究对象,进行了红花扰动效果的对比试验。高速摄像试验结果表明:集花罩模型结构为大口朝下的锥形结构时花丝扰动效果较好,有利于花丝的采摘收集。因此,以大口朝下的锥形集花罩为研究对象,针对不同结构的集花罩,进行内部流场仿真,优化集花罩结构。仿真结果表明:外部形状结构为直板式的集花罩内部流场模拟效果最佳,最适宜花丝的采摘与收集。田间试验表明:优化后的集花罩结构可达到红花采收要求。上述研究成果可为实现红花采收机相关工作参数优化提供参考。

The set flower hood of safflower picking device is an important working parts of pneumatic safflower harvesting machine, and the outer shape of the set flower hood is the main factor affecting the picking and collecting effect of the filaments. The design of the set flower hoods is based on experience in the past, so based on experience, the design of the set flower hood is carried out. A comparative test of the effect of safflower disturbance was carried out with the cylindrical set flower cover and the conical set flower hood as the research object. The results of high-speed camera test show that when the model structure of the set flower hood is a large-mouth-down conical structure, the perturbation effect of the filaments is better, which is beneficial to the picking and collecting of the filaments. Therefore, a large-mouth-down conical set flower cover is used as the research object, for the different structure of the set flow hood, the internal flow field simulation is carried out, and then the set flower cover structure is optimized. The simulation results show that when the internal flow field simulation is performed, the outer shape of the structure for the straight-type set flower cover of the simulation effect is the best. The field experiments shown that the optimized set flower hood can meet the requirements of safflower harvesting. The above research results can provide reference for the optimization of the relevant working parameters of safflower harvesting machine.