量子巨配分函数的洽当导出

Alternative derivation of quantum huge partition function

巨配分函数是平衡态统计物理教学的难点问题.目前的教材在量子统计中,先引入这个函数的自然对数,然后根据它表示的热力学量来说明其正确性,这在逻辑上是不顺畅的.本文从T-μ-V系统的平均能量、平均粒子数和广义力的定义,用凑全微分法和不定积分法分别导出了量子巨配分函数,还对选择具有物理意义的自变参量进行了讨论.

The huge partition function is a difficult problem in teaching equilibrium statistical physics. In the present textbooks, the logarithm of huge partition function is introduced firstly, and then the correctness of this formula producing thermodynamics functions is affirmed. However, this is not order in the logic. Based on the average energy, the average particle number and the generalized force of the T -μ- V system,this paper derives the quantum huge partition function by using collecting full differential method and unfined integral method, respectively. The physical mean of what variables regarded to two independent parameters is discussed.