高含量玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料的性能研究

Study on Performance of High Content Glass Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene Composites

针对高含量玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料刚性不足、抗冲击性能低、制件尺寸精度较差等典型问题,对配方中的不同材料组分进行了相应优化,并进行了模具验证,测试了制件的尺寸数据及其他成品件性能。结果表明:对于聚丙烯基材的优化选择改善了复合材料的刚性指标,优化后材料的拉伸强度可从98 MPa左右提升至120 MPa,材料中玻璃纤维的保留长度及分布状况均得到明显改善;相容剂及成核的搭配使用改善了材料的抗冲击性能,常温下的无缺口冲击强度从41 kJ/m^2提升至58 kJ/m^2,低温下的抗冲击性能也有明显增强;模具试制的结果表明优化材料所注塑的成品件尺寸数据合格率从85%提升至98%以上,成品件的拉拔力、拉扭力、卡扣拉伤等测试项目均符合要求。

This study focuses on the typical defects such as lacking of rigidity, low impact resistance, poor dimension precision for products, when polypropylene is reinforced by the high content glass fiber. Optimizing measures on the formula adjustment of materials and the proof on the finished part molding are all carried out in sequence. The results based on mechanical properties and microstructure analysis indicated that the rigidity of composites was improved as for the optimizing choice of polypropylene matrix. The tensile strength is elevated from 98 MPa to 120 MPa remarkably, and the retention length and distribution of glass fiber in polypropylene matrix are also elevated simultaneously.Benefited from the highly active compatibilizer and nucleating agent,the impact resistance at room temperature is increased from 41 kJ/m^2 to 58 kJ/m^2 and the impact resistance at low temperature is also improved dramatically. The results of mould pre-production showed that the passing ratio of three-dimensional sizes is improved from 85% to 98% and above, as for the materials with performance optimization. The other testing items such as drawing load, twisting load, clasp injury all can reached to the requirements of finished part.