侵权损害赔偿范围的法政策考量

Legal Policy Considerations on the Scope of Infringement Compensation for Damages

事实意义上的损害广泛而复杂,在损害赔偿范围确定过程中蕴含着诸多法政策考量因素。归责原则是一个动态、开放的体系,具有明确保护原告或被告的政策导向性。法院在裁判过程中不能局限于形式推理,而应将政策考量贯穿于损害、违法性、因果关系、过错等构成要件之中。为追求社会效果,法院可通过多种渠道实现对原告的救济,也可基于政策考量突破完全赔偿原则。法律解释不能拘泥于规范语言或概念体系等,还须考虑该规范的实践意义、设立目的及其价值取向。

The damage in fact is extensive and complicated,and there are many legal and policy-oriented thinking in the determination of damage compensation scope.The principle of imputation is a dynamic and open system with clear policy orientation to protect the plaintiff or defendant.In the process of adjudication,the court should not be limited to formal reasoning,but should run the policy-oriented thinking through the constitution requisites such as damage,illegality,causality and fault.In order to pursue social effect,the court can use a variety of channels to achieve the relief of the plaintiff,or break through the principle of full compensation based on policy-oriented thinking.Legal interpretation should not be confined to normative language or conceptual system,but should also consider the practical significance,purpose and value orientation of the standard.