个人数据保护的法治难题与治理路径探析

Analysis of Legal Problems and Governance Paths of Personal Data Protection

信息时代的来临在给人类社会带来深刻变革的同时,也在法律领域蕴藏着一场深刻的革命。信息技术的迅速发展在为我们生活提供便利的同时也在使得公民个人权益遭受损害,究其原因主要在于个人数据保护的相关法律问题还有待解决。为了更好地保护个人数据,我们需要从个人数据保护面临的形势、界定标准及主要范畴、原则、价值四个层面作为逻辑理论起点,进一步分析可以发现个人数据保护主要面临着数据权属不明、专项立法滞后、监管机构缺失、合作交流较少、自律机制不够五大法治难题。为了更好解决这一问题,需要从明确数据权属、加快制定《个人数据保护法》、设立监管机构、加强国际合作、建立自我规制路径入手,以期对我国个人数据保护机制的建构有所裨益,使得个人数据保护将持续发展。

The advent of the information age has brought profound changes to the human society, and it also contains a profound revolution in the legal field. The rapid development of information technology not only facilitates our lives, but also causes damage to citizens’ personal rights. The main reason is that the legal issues related to personal data protection remain to be resolved. In order to better protect personal data, we need to take the four aspects as our logic starting point: the situation facing the personal data protection, the definition of standards and the main categories, principles, and values. Through further analysis, it can be found that personal data protection is mainly faced with five major legal problems, including unclear data ownership, lagging of special legislation, lack of regulatory agencies, less cooperation and communication, and insufficient self-discipline mechanism. In order to better solve this problem, it is necessary to clarify the data ownership, speed up the formulation of the Personal Data Protection Law, establish a regulatory body, strengthen international cooperation, and establish a self-regulatory path, so as to contribute to the construction of China’s personal data protection mechanism and make the personal data protection develop continuously.