旅游扶贫效率与资源优势度的空间耦合关系——以武陵山湖南片区32个贫困县为例

Spatial Coupling Relationship between Tourism Poverty Alleviation Efficiency and the Superiority Degree of Tourism Resources: A Case Study of 32 Poverty Couties in Wuling Mountain Area of Hunan Province

基于国家集中连片特困区—武陵山湖南片区32个贫困县的数据,采用DEA模型与旅游资源优势度评价模型估算各县域旅游扶贫效率与旅游资源优势度,并借助ArcGIS对测度结果进行等级划分与耦合关系分析。结果表明:武陵山湖南片区32个贫困县旅游扶贫效率均值为0.5,存在较大的上升空间,并且呈现出"大分散、小聚集"的空间格局;旅游资源整体优势度较低,均值为13.62%,数值大小受旅游资源总丰度与配合指数的双重约束;在两者的耦合关系中,低旅游扶贫效率—低旅游资源优势度地区的数量高达21个,反映出现阶段该区域旅游扶贫效果主要受资源禀赋的约束。

Based on the data of 32 poverty-stricken counties in the Wuling Mountain Area of Hunan Province, the efficiency of poverty alleviation and the superiority degree of tourism resources in each county were calculated and evaluated by DEA model and the superiority evaluation model of tourism resources. And the classification and coupling relationship of measurement results are analyzed by ArcGIS. The analyses aim to offer a theoretical reference for improving tourism poverty alleviation of Wuling Mountain Area of Hunan Province. The results show that average poverty alleviation efficiency of 32 evaluation units in Wuling Mountain Area of Hunan Province is 0.5, which has a lot of room to grow and it presents a spatial distribution pattern of “large dispersion and small accumulation”. The overall dominance of tourism resources is low, with an average value of 13.62%. The value is constrained by the total abundance of tourism resources and the matching index. In this coupling model of the two, the number of areas with low tourism poverty alleviation efficiency and low tourism resource advantage is as high as 21, which reflects that the tourism poverty alleviation in this region is mainly constrained by resource endowment at this stage.