引黄灌溉对黄河下游盐碱地土壤水盐含量的影响研究

The Effect of Yellow Irrigation on Water and Salt Content of Saline-alkali Soil in the Lower Reaches of Yellow River

为探究引黄灌溉对黄河下游盐碱地土壤水盐运移的影响,选择4种典型的灌水定额(570、780、990、1 200 m^3/hm^2),通过田间试验与室内试验,从土壤含水率与全盐量综合调控的角度,对比分析灌溉前后0～100 cm土层土壤的水盐变化。结果表明:灌溉前土壤含水率较低不适宜作物生长,灌溉后较灌溉前土壤含水率增加7%～12.07%,达到作物生长需求;灌溉前,1 m内土壤盐渍化等级为中度盐渍化,灌溉后土壤盐渍化等级由中度盐渍化降为轻度盐渍化。综合考虑灌溉对土壤水盐含量的影响,确定780～990 m^3/hm^2的灌水定额既能有效地增加土壤含水率,又能减少土壤含盐量,为灌区理想的水盐调控灌水定额。

In order to explore the influences of Yellow River Irrigation on water and salt migration in saline-alkali land, this paper chooses four typical irrigation quota (570,780,990,1 200 m^3/hm^2), through the field test and indoor test, from the perspective of comprehensive control of soil moisture content and total salinity, compares and analyzes the changes of water and salt in 0~100 cm soil layer before and after irrigation. The results show that the soil moisture content before irrigation is lower than that after irrigation, which is not suitable for the crop growth. Before irrigation, soil salinization grade within 1m is moderate salinization. After irrigation, soil salinization grade reduces from moderate salinization to mild salinization. The irrigation quota of 780~990 m^3/hm^2 can not only effectively increase the soil moisture content, but also reduce the soil salt content, which is the ideal water and salt control irrigation quota in the irrigation area.