SAP、PAM不同施用方式对干旱沙区土壤养分、紫花苜蓿品质及产量的影响

The Effects of Different Application Methods of SAP and PAM on Soil Nutrient, Alfalfa Quality and Yield in Arid Sand

干旱沙区土壤有机质少,土壤持水能力、保肥能力差,不利于作物生长发育。而保水剂(SAP)、聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)等保水剂具有良好的保水、保肥特性,并能够改良土壤结构、降低土壤容重、提高作物产量等。通过采用SAP、PAM等保水剂进行不同施用方式下紫花苜蓿种植试验研究,探求促进沙区紫花苜蓿高产、高品质的新方案。结果表明:SAP、PAM单施及复配施用改善了土壤养分状况,促进了紫花苜蓿品质的提高、产量的增加以及水分生产率的提高。对于改善土壤养分状况以及促进紫花苜蓿增产提质而言,若采用单施,45 kg/hm^2 SAP效果较佳;若采用复配,45 kg/hm^2的SAP复配30 kg/hm^2的PAM效果较佳。

The soil in the arid sand area is less organic, and the soil water holding capacity and fertilizer retention capacity are poor, which is not conducive to crop growth and development. The water-retaining agents such as SAP and PAM have good water retention and fertilizer retention characteristics, and can improve soil structure, reduce soil bulk density, and increase crop yield. Through the use of water-retaining agents such as SAP and PAM, the alfalfa planting experiment under different application methods is carried out to explore a new scheme for promoting high yield and high quality of alfalfa in sandy areas. The results show that SAP and PAM single application and compound application improve soil nutrient status, promoted the quality of alfalfa, increased yield and increased water productivity. For improving soil nutrient status and promoting alfalfa yield increase and quality, 45 kg/hm^2 SAP is the better if single application is applied. If compounding is used, 45 kg/hm\+2 SAP compounding 30 kg/hm^2 PAM is the better.