黄河大河家水电站建成后水生生物变化分析

Changes of Aquatic Organisms after Construction of the Dahejia Hydropower Station on the Yellow River

以大河家水电站水域为研究对象,在野外调查和室内实验的基础上,结合历史数据,分析大河家水电站建成前后(2014和2018年)水生生物的变化情况,探讨水电站建设对河流生态系统中鱼类、浮游生物和底栖动物的影响。研究结果发现:水电站建成后(2018年),调查发现的鱼类种类较建设前(2014年)减少约40%,且外来物种有增加的趋势;浮游植物种类较电站建设前减少52.7%,平均密度增加约22.3%,平均生物量减少约21.1%;浮游动物种类减少30.4%,平均密度增加约58.2%,平均生物量增加约64.4%。大河家水电站建成后,水生生物发生了较为明显的变化,水电站对水生生态的影响,还需要长期监测和研究,期望本次研究能为水电建设的水生态保护提供依据。

Hydropower Station will definitely impact aquatic organisms in rivers. To quantitively detect the impact from hydropower stations, this paper analyzes the aquatic organisms after constructing the Dahejia Hydropower Station on the Yellow River. Based on the field investigation and indoor experiments combined with historical data, the impacts of hydropower station construction on river ecosystem are discussed. The results of this study show that after the completion of the hydropower station (2018), the fish species decreased by 40%, and the number of exotic fish species tend to increase;phytoplankton species decrease by 52.7%;and its average density increases by 22.3% and average biomass decreases by 21.1%;zooplankton species decreases by 30.4%;its average density increases by 58.2%, and average biomass increases by 64.4%. After the construction of Dahejia Hydropower Station, the aquatic organisms have undergone relatively obvious changes. It is hoped that this study can provide a foundation for the water ecological protection of hydropower construction.