共享策略下甩挂车辆调度问题的分析及求解

Vehicle Scheduling Problem with Sharing Strategy

目的为了克服现阶段下甩挂货运过程中存在的空载率高、牵引车利用率低等问题,从服务点间的货运关系出发,对货运单循环系统中共享策略下甩挂车辆调度问题进行设计研究。方法以牵引车行驶总里程为目标函数,构建共享策略下甩挂车辆调度模型,并基于模拟退火算法对其进行优化求解。结果以山东省的2家小型运输企业为案例进行了仿真分析,与普通车辆调度模式分析比较可知,共享策略下调度模式的空载率、单位货运成本、单位货运油耗、牵引车利用率分别优化了79.6%,50%,22.6%,171.4%。结论文中构建的共享策略下甩挂车辆调度模型及其求解算法可行有效,在减少空载行程、提高燃油利用率等方面具有良好的效果。

To overcome the problem of high idling rate and low utilization rate of tractors in loading and unloading at the current stage,the design of the vehicle scheduling problem under the sharing strategy in the freight order circulation system was studied from the freight relationship between service points.With the total mileage of the tractor as the objective function,the vehicle scheduling model with shared strategy was constructed and optimized based on simulated annealing algorithm.Simulation analysis was carried out with two small transport enterprises in Shandong Province as a case.Compared with the common vehicle scheduling mode,the no-load rate,unit freight cost,unit fuel consumption and tractor utilization rate of the shared mode were optimized by 79.6%,50%,22.6%,and 171.4%,respectively.The shared strategy swing and hang vehicle scheduling model and its solving algorithm were feasible and effective.In addition,it has good effect in reducing no-load stroke and improving fuel efficiency.