南京中山植物园外来入侵植物分布特征及其入侵途径

An investigation of the invasive plants in Nanjing Botanical Garden Memorial Sun Yat-Sen

为了了解南京中山植物园中外来入侵植物的状况,采用线路调查和样方调查的方法,对外来入侵植物的种类、原产地、生活型、频度、危害度等进行调查.结果显示,南京中山植物园共有外来入侵植物65种,其中菊科植物最多,占总数的32.31%,其次是禾本科,占总数的9.23%;构成严重危害的有7种,原产地为美洲的入侵植物最多,共有44种,并且以一年生草本为主(46.15%),荒地和管理粗放的草地是最容易遭到入侵的生境类型,部分入侵植物的引入与植物园引种活动具有相关性.

In order to understand the status of invasive plants in Nanjing Botanical Garden Memorial Sun Yat-Sen, the species, origin, life form, frequency and damage of alien invasive plants were surveyed through routing and sampling. The results showed that there were 65 invasive plants in the botanical garden area;Compositae constituted the largest proportion, accounting for 32.31% of the total, followed by graminaceous plants, accounting for 9.23% of the total. Among the invasive plants, 7 species have caused serious harm, 44 species were introduced from America(the largest point of origin), and most were annual herbs(46.15%). Wasteland and meadows under poor management are the most vulnerable habitat types. The invasion of some species has correlation with the introduction of new plants in the botanical garden.