乡村旅游精准扶贫的作用机理及实践研究

Mechanism of Action and Practice Research on the the Accurate Poverty Alleviation of Rural Tourism

发展乡村旅游是带动经济欠发达地区经济、社会和文化发展的重要脱贫方式之一。以福建省福州市永泰县为乡村旅游精准扶贫的研究对象,采用小组访谈法、深度访谈法、观察法和问卷调查法对永泰县的五个村进行旅游精准扶贫情况调查。研究结果发现,资金、劳动力等社会关系、文化水平和技术技能在不同程度上成为致贫的主要影响因素。因此建议乡村旅游精准扶贫实践中,除了要科学分析目的地的资源禀赋,精准定位乡村旅游业发展潜力;有效识别贫困人口的参与能力以及参与想法,精准定位乡村旅游发展扶贫对象;全面考察了解旅游扶贫效果,定位扶贫对象之外,还需要一定的主体保障和政策保障,在满足上述条件之后,贫困人口的经济情况才能够在乡村旅游发展过程中得到改善。

Rural tourism is one of the important ways to lift the economic, social and cultural development of underdeveloped areas. Taking Yongtai County of Fuzhou city of Fujian Province as the research object of accurate poverty alleviation for rural tourism, the survey of accurate poverty alleviation in five villages in Yongtai county was conducted by group interview, depth interview, observation and questionnaire. The results show that capital, labor force and other social relations, cultural level and technical skills become the main factors contributing to poverty in the different degrees. Therefore, it is suggested that in the practice of accurate poverty alleviation in rural tourism, in addition to the scientific analysis of the resource endowment of the destination, the precise positioning of the development potential of rural tourism, the effective identification of the participation ability and participation of the poor people, the accurate positioning of the poverty alleviation targets of rural tourism development, the comprehensive investigation and understanding of the effect of tourism poverty alleviation and the positioning of poverty alleviation, there is a need for a certain guarantee of the main body and policy. After meeting the above conditions, the economic situation of the poor people can be improved in the process of rural tourism development.