早期日光照射预防新生儿黄疸的疗效观察

Observation on the Efficacy of Early Sunlight Exposure to Prevent Neonatal Jaundice

目的探讨早期日光照射对预防新生儿黄疸的临床疗效。方法选取延庆区医院妇产科2015年4月1日～5月31日出生的181例新生儿设为对照组,另选2018年4月1日～5月31日出生的298例新生儿设为观察组。对照组给予新生儿常规护理,达到光疗值的转儿科治疗,观察组每天对考虑光疗的新生儿指导日光照射,达到光疗指标的转儿科治疗,比较两组新生儿出生24 h内、24～48 h、48～72 h及72 h后的经皮测胆值,比较两组不同日龄新生儿的考虑光疗率及转科率。结果观察组生后24～48 h的考虑光疗率低于生后24 h内的考虑光疗率,而对照组生后24～48 h的考虑光疗率高于生后24 h内的考虑光疗率,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组的转科率较对照组下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论日光照射是适于母婴同室及家庭、社区的预防性光疗,不分地域,不分医院等级,均可开展,也建议有条件的医院安排母婴同室病房时考虑这一因素,尽量使病房向阳,阳光照射充足。早期日光照射能有效预防新生儿黄疸。

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of early sunlight exposure in the prevention of neonatal jaundice.Methods 181 newborns born in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,Yanqing District Hospital from April 1 to May 31,2015 were selected as the control group.Another 298 newborns born between April 1 and May 31,2018 were selected as observation.group.The control group was given routine care for neonates,and the phototherapy value was converted to pediatric treatment.The observation group guided the newborns who were considering phototherapy daily to achieve the phototherapy value of the pediatric treatment.The percutaneous biliary values of the two groups of newborns within 24 h,24 to 48 h,48-72 h and 72 h after birth were compared.The phototherapy rate and the rate of conversion were compared between the two groups of newborns.Results The phototherapy rate of the observation group was considered to be lower than that of the phototherapy rate within 24 h after birth.The phototherapy rate of the control group 24 to 48 h after birth was higher than that of the phototherapy rate within 24 h after birth,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The rate of transfer in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Sunlight irradiation is a preventive phototherapy suitable for mothers and children in the same room,family and community.It can be carried out regardless of region or hospital level.It is also recommended to consider this factor when arranging maternal and child wards in conditional hospitals.The ward is sunny and the sun is shining.Early sun exposure can effectively prevent neonatal jaundice.