论人工岛屿的法律地位

The Research on the Legal Status of Artificial Islands

人工岛屿的法律地位主要指人工岛屿享有海洋权利和承担义务的资格,《联合国海洋法公约》并未明确规定人工岛屿法律地位的界定标准,引发了学界的热议。争议主要围绕"建造基础"、"建造用途"和"建造方式"的界定标准,按照不同界定标准得到的人工岛屿法律地位的结论不同。明确人工岛屿的法律地位,不光影响着人工岛屿的海洋权利和义务,还影响着海洋划界。为了完善人工岛屿的法律地位制度,可以采用以上三个标准来界定人工岛屿的法律地位,再根据法律地位进一步确定人工岛屿应享有的海洋权利和义务以及对海洋划界的影响。

United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea doesn zt provide the definition standard of legal status of artificial islands which includes maritime rights and obligations. The controversy of definition standard surrounds " construction foundation"、" construction purpose " and "the mode of construction ". Different definition standards lead to different conclusions. The legal status of artificial islands affects not only the maritime rights and obligations of artificial islands, but also the maritime delimitation. The best solution to the problem of the legal status of artificial islands appears to make a new definition standard which includes the above three standards. Finally, we can get the maritime rights and obligations and maritime delimitation of artificial islands according to the legal status.