自动化行政的法律控制

Legal Control of Automated Administration

自动化行政存在于信息、数据的收集与处理,行政活动电子化以及直接作出行政决定三种情形中,在当下备受关注。它与传统行政活动在主体、程序、裁量等方面都存在差异,由此潜藏了诸多未来可能出现的法律风险,例如信息、数据收集以及处理的错误风险、对个人隐私和数据保护的侵扰风险、算法不透明所引发的风险等。厘清自动化行政的法律控制要素,即从自动化行政的主体、权利、程序几个方面加以考量,将有助于我们对现有的法律体系进行思考、修正、补充并在需要建构新的法律规则的情形下给予及时补足。这也应当是我们当下对待人工智能时代的态度:谨慎且冷静。

Automated administration exists in three circumstances including collection and processing of information and data, electronization of administrative activities, and direct making of administrative decisi()ns, receiving much concern. It differs from traditional administrative activities in many aspects such as subject, procedure and discretion. Therefore, a number of possible legal risks are hidden , such as risk of error in information and data collection and processing, risk of intrusion upon individual privacy and data protection, and risks triggered by implicit algorithms. It will help us meet it cite over, modify and supplement existing legal systems if we clarify legal control elements of automated administration, that is, to consider the subject, rights and procedures of automated administration. Moreover, timely measures can be adopted when new legal rules need to be established. This should also be our current attitude towards the era of artificial intelligence: prudent and calm.