改革开放以来东北发展成就与问题及突破路径

Achievements, Problems and Paths of Northeast China since Reform and Opening-up

近年来,东北经济增速放缓,经济发展问题日益受到重视,但对其评价也不应仅从一个方面就否定其已有成就,全面、客观测度东北经济综合发展情况是非常必要的。构建涵盖经济、科技、资源与环境、民生等方面指标的综合评价体系,运用熵值法对改革开放以来东北三省综合发展水平进行客观评价,并就各省份各个方面对综合发展水平的贡献程度进行了深入剖析。研究结果表明,改革开放以来东北三省综合发展水平一直处于上升状态;科技对三省综合发展水平的贡献增势强劲;民生对三省综合发展水平的贡献一直处于缓增状态;但经济对三省综合发展水平的贡献一直较弱,2013年之后辽宁省甚至呈现走低趋势。针对存在的问题,三省应加快体制机制转变,增强经济活力,加大人才培育和吸引的力度,因地精准施策。

In recent years, economic growth rate of Northeast China has slowed down, and problems of economic development have been paid enough attention. Evaluation cannot negate achievements in one way or another. It is necessary to measure comprehensive development of Northeast economy in a comprehensive and objective way. By constructing a comprehensive evaluation system covering economy, science and technology, resources and environment, people's livelihood, and so on, this paper uses entropy method to objectively evaluate the comprehensive development level of the three provinces in Northeast China since the reform and opening up. At the same time, the contribution degree of the comprehensive development level of each province is deeply analyzed. The results show that comprehensive development level of the three provinces has been on the rise since the reform and opening up;Contribution of science and technology to comprehensive development level is increasing strongly;Contribution of people's livelihood to comprehensive development level is increasing slowly;However, economic contribution to comprehensive development level of the three provinces has been relatively weak, and Liaoning Province even showed a downward trend after 2013. Three provinces should speed up system and mechanism transformation, strengthen economic vitality and cultivation of talents, and apply policies according to their problems respectively.