婚姻形态与权责义务边界——基于苏南农村并家婚的经验考察

The New Marriage Merging the Bride's and Bridegroom's Families Marriage Form and Its Boundaries of Rights and Liabilities: An Empirical Study in the Villages of Southern Jiangsu

婚姻作为一种社会制度,其生成与存续是家庭内社会意义上的权属与责任义务关系的重新配置与展演过程,不同的婚姻形态形塑出不同的权责义务边界,并通过其不断对人进行社会规制。一夫一妻制下的嫁娶婚、招赘婚与并家婚在社会身份、子孙姓氏、财产继承的权属及代际之间的婚嫁、孙代照顾、家庭支持、养老等责任义务上存在着较大差异,宏观上独生子女的政策主导、中观上家庭结构的转型变迁与微观上文化价值观念的存续嵌入是核心解释变量,并据此认为并家婚是独生子女政策的产物,是个体应对结构的策略性选择与调适,是传统与现代博弈的结果,而非现代化线性转型。

The Marriage Forms, as a social system, reflects the configuration and evolution of thesocial rights and liabilities in a family, and different forms of marriage boast of different boundaries of social rights and liabilities to govern people’s social behaviors in a family. The marriage merging the bride and bridegroom’s families emerging in the villages of southern Jiangsu Province is a new marriage form of one-husband and one wife compared with the traditional marriage and uxorilocal marriage with great differences in the rights and liabilities relating to the couples social status, family name, inheritance of family property, marriages of next generation, grandchildren cares, family supports, elderly supports. The new marriage forms is shaped by the one-child national policy in macro perspective, family structure changes in meso-perspective and the embedment of modern cultural values in micro perspective as the main driving force. It is the side product of one-child family policy, and the consequence of individuals’ tactic selection and accommodation to the structural social changes, it’s the game playing of tradition and modernity instead of linear modernization transformation.