论沭阳桑墟是少昊的诞生地及少昊氏在五帝文明缔造中的贡献

A Study on Sangxu of Shuyang City—Shaohao's Birthplace and His Contributions to the Creation of the Five Emperors' Civilization

少昊部落是新石器时代居住在鲁南苏北的北辛—大汶口—典型龙山文化区的东夷族的一支。从考古学研究成果看,公元前2200年黄河河道从淮北地区(指淮河流域以北,下同)北移华北平原后,鲁南大汶口文化区、苏南良渚文化区两地居民汇集到淮北地区,结合成少昊、太昊部落联盟,沭阳桑墟一带成为少昊族的发祥地。在五帝政权中,少昊部落一直处于核心地位,在制陶术、观象制历、治水、桑蚕织丝等方面为中国五帝文明的缔造作出了突出贡献。综合考察考古发现、历史文献和民俗资料,从南北文化交流的角度提出少昊族的发祥地是在苏北桑墟镇一带而非曲阜,属于学术新观点。

As a branch of Dongyi ethnic group of Beixin-Dawenkou-Typical Longshan Cultural District, Shaohao tribe dwelled in southern Shandong Province and northern Jiangsu Province in Neolithic Age.The results of archaeological research show that residents in Dawenkou Culture of northern Shandong Province and Liangzhu Culture in southern Jiangsu Province settled in Huaibei area (north of the Huaihe River Basin, the same below) when Yellow River channel moved northward from Huaibei area to the North China Plain in 2200 BC.Thus Shaohao tribe and Taihao tribe forged an alliance, making Sangxu area the birthplace of Shaohao tribe.Among the five emperors, Shaohao tribe played a significant role, making outstanding contributions to the creation of the five emperors of China in the fields of pottery, imagery, water control, and silkworm weaving.Based on investigation of archaeological discoveries, historical documents and folklore materials, this paper proposes a new idea that Shaohao tribe originated from Sangxu Town rather than Qufu, from the perspective of cultural exchanges between northern and southern China.