2011—2018年惠州市疑似预防接种异常反应监测数据分析

Analysis of adverse events following immunization based on surveillance data in Huizhou City (2011-2018)

目的分析2011—2018年惠州市疑似预防接种异常反应(Adverse Event Following Immunization,AEFI)的发生特征,评价AEFI监测系统运转情况。方法通过AEFI信息管理系统,收集整理惠州市报告的AEFI个案,采用描述性方法进行分析。结果 2011—2018年惠州市共报告AEFI个案1 620例,全市6个县(区)每年均有AEFI报告;48h内报告率为98.76%,48h内调查率为99.77%。男女性别比为1.43∶1,年龄≤1岁占75.37%。接种后≤1d发生的占93.27%。接种第1剂次疫苗后发生的占66.97%。AEFI报告发生率为7.48/10万剂,异常反应报告发生率为1.76/10万剂。其中一般反应占73.27%,主要以发热、红肿、硬结为主;异常反应占23.58%,以过敏性皮疹为主;偶合症占2.96%。结论惠州市AEFI监测敏感性逐年提高, AEFI发生水平在预期发生率之内。

Objective To analyze the features of adverse events following immunization (AEFI) in Huizhou City from 2011 to 2018, and to evaluate the implementation of AEFI surveillance system. Methods Through the National AEFI Information System, the AEFI data were collected and analyzed using descriptive methods. Results In 2011-2018, totally 1 620 AEFI cases were reported in Huizhou City. There were AEFI cases reported each year in the six districts of the city during 2011 to 2018. The reported rate within 48h was 98.76%, while the rate of cases investigated within 48h was 99.77%. The male-female ratio of AEFI was 1.43 :1, and children 1 year old or younger accounted for 75.37%. 93.27% of the cases occurred within one day of immunization. 66.97% occurred after the first dose of vaccine. The AEFI incidence was 7.48/10 5 doses, and the adverse reaction incidence was 1.76/10 5 doses. Among all AEFI, 73.27% cases were common adverse reactions, mainly due to fever, redness and induration. 23.58% cases were rare adverse reactions, mainly due to allergic rashes. 2.96% cases were coincidental events. Conclusion The sensitivity of Huizhou AEFI surveillance increased yearly, and the incidence rates of AEFI were within the expected level.