我国全科医生培养现状与发展策略

Current Status and Development Strategies of General Practitioner Training in China

经过近30年的不断探索和实践,我国全科医生队伍建设取得了一定的进展,初步建立了以"5+3"为主、"3+2"为辅的全科医生培养模式,但我国仍面临严重缺乏合格全科医生的情况。本文通过对我国全科医生培养现状的研究,了解到当前我国全科医生岗位缺乏吸引力,全科医生培养制度和体系不够完善,缺乏完善的过程考核机制,住培基地准入和再认证机制不完善,持续职业发展教育亟待规范。通过对国际上主要国家发展全科医生经验的回顾研究,建议我国应当切实提升全科医生待遇;以"岗位胜任力"为导向,建立完善的全科医生培训过程考核体系;统一全科医生住培基地准入条件,建立常态化基地评估认证机制;设置全科持续职业发展教育基地。

After nearly 30 years of exploration and practice, a "5+3" and "3+2" general practitioner (GP) training mode has been preliminarily established in China. However, China still lacks qualified GPs. In this paper, after analyzing the current situation of GP training in China, we found that the post of GP is unattractive in China;the GP training system is incomplete and lacks a process as-sessment mechanism;the certification and re-certification mechanisms of training bases are incomplete;and the continuous vocational development education needs to be standardized. Then, we summarize the experiences of some major countries in the world, and pro-pose the following policy recommendations: improving the remuneration of GPs, establishing a comprehensive GP training system focusing on post competence, establishing a normalized assessment and certification mechanism for GP training bases, and setting up continuous vocational education bases for GPs.