我国医疗卫生人才供需平衡策略研究

On Balancing Mechanism Between Supply of Medical Education and Demand for Clinicians in China

人才培养规模、结构和质量供需失衡是我国医疗卫生人才培养面临的关键问题之一。我国医疗卫生人才供需存在人才供应数量不能满足日益增长的健康需求、人才培养质量参差不齐、人才供应结构与社会需求不匹配等问题。本文通过对美国、英国的医学教育形式和内容进行研究和探讨,得出我国保持医学教育培养数量供需平衡,提高培养效率等方面的启示。建议逐步建立以毕业后教育岗位决定院校教育的人才供需平衡机制;建立医疗卫生人才需求动态监测与预警机制;医学人才培养需要跨部门开展宏观统筹与调控;采用医学院"严进严出"和医生准入的高门槛等质量要求限制培养数量。

The imbalance between supply and demand in terms of talent cultivation scale, structure, and quality is one of the key issues facing the cultivation of medical personnel in China. The supply of medical talents in China cannot meet the growing demand for health, the quality of personnel training is uneven, and the talent supply structure does not match social needs. Through the research and discussion on the forms and contents of medical education in the United States and the United Kingdom, this paper proposes the enlightenment on how to maintain the balance between supply and demand of medical education in China and how to improve the efficiency of medical training. It is suggested to gradually establish a talent supply and demand balance mechanism where the number and structure of post-graduate education posts determines the enrollment scale and structure of medical colleges and universities, and establish a dynamic monitoring and early warning mechanism for the demand for medical talents. Furthermore, medical personnel training requires cross-departmental macro-coordination and regulation, and quality requirements such as a high threshold for doctors should be set to limit the cultivation scale of medical talents.