环境公益诉讼概念之厘清

Reflection on the Concept of Environmental Public Interest Litigation

环境公益诉讼是不同于环境私益诉讼的一种新型诉讼模式,是公众参与环境保护的制度形态。环境公益诉讼的制度构建的前提是环境公益诉讼概念,理论界对此形成了广义和狭义两种观点。环境公共利益是不特定多数人的环境利益,环境公益诉讼与环境私益诉讼的区别主要表现为环境公益诉讼以保护环境公益为唯一目的,环境公益诉讼的前置程序是避免环境公益保护制度冲突的合理路径。环境公益诉讼应作狭义解释,可以定义为与争议案件无直接利害关系的原告,出于保护环境公益的目的,在履行诉前程序后,以环境利用行为人或行政机关为被告向法院起诉的民事诉讼或者行政诉讼。

Environmental public interest litigation is a new litigation mode which is different from environmental private interest litigation and is a new form of public participation in environmental protection.While actively exploring the construction of environmental public interest litigation system,we can not avoid the concept of environmental public interest litigation,on which there has been many views in the academic circle.Environmental public interest is the environmental interest of the non-specific majority.The main difference between environmental public interest action and environmental private interest action is that environmental public interest action has the sole purpose of protecting environmental public interest.The Pre-Procedure of Environmental Public Interest action is a reasonable way to avoid the conflict of Environmental Public Interest Protection System.The definition of the environmental public interest action is that the plaintiff who has no direct interest in the disputed case,after performing the pre-litigation procedure,will take the environmental use actor or administrative organ as the object of action to bring an administrative suit or administrative litigation.