促进新型城镇化建设与西部偏远山区义务教育布局协调发展的基本对策——基于西部地区部分乡镇的调查

Research on Harmonizing the Development of Compulsory Education School Distribution with the New-typed Urbanization——Based on the Investigation of Some Rural Schools in Western China

城镇化对人口和产业的集聚效应引起了农村义务教育布局的重大变化,教育布局与城镇化建设协调发展成为新型城镇化的必然要求。对西部地区部分乡镇学校的调查发现,西部偏远山区义务教育布局调整过程中存在着调整速度过快、教育布局规划缺乏科学性、城乡教育投入不均衡、教育布局调整缺乏配套政策等突出问题。西部偏远山区义务教育布局调整必须结合农村人口流动情况、促进县域教育空间布局优化、均衡城乡教育投入、促进城乡教师合理流动等基本措施的实施予以统整,才能有效促进新型城镇化与西部偏远山区义务教育的协调发展。

Rural compulsory education distribution has greatly changed which caused by the accumulative effect of the urbanization of population and industry. Harmonizing the development of compulsory education school distribution with the urbanization becomes the inevitable requirement of New-typed urbanization. Based on the investigation of some rural schools in western China, this paper analyzed the problems in the rural compulsory education distribution, such as the process of adjustment fast, lack of scientific education planning for distribution, unbalanced urban and rural education investment, lack of supporting policies in education distribution adjustment, and so on.And accordingly, the author puts forward to some basic measures to harmonize the development of compulsory education school distribution with the new-typed urbanization, which are to seriously consider the rural population flows, to promote the space optimization of education distribution in the county level, to balance urban and rural education investment, to promote the rational teachers flow between the urban and rural.