改革开放40年来我国大学通识教育发展的困境与出路

The Evolution,Predicament and Outlet of Education in Chinese Universities during 40 years of Reform and Opening-up

改革开放40年来,我国通识教育取得了长足的发展。然而,由于通识教育研究尚未成熟,通识教育缺乏成型的制度规范和可推广的实践模式,我国通识教育在理论上存在名实之争、通专之争。在实践上,通识教育的课程设置、师资队伍建设及教学方法设计亦面临着困境。推进通识教育纵深发展的出路在于:深化并统一通识教育的理念和内涵认识;加强通识教育课程的体系化、模块化和个性化建设;打造结构合理、素质优良、水平卓越的专业化通识教育师资队伍;创新通识教育课程教学模式和方法;优化通识教育实施的管理评价制度建设。

Since the 40 years of reform and opening up, Chinese general education has made great progress. However, as the research on general education is not yet mature, general education lacks the established system specification and the popular able practice model. In theory, China general education has the competition of name and reality,"general education" and "special education. In practice, the curriculum setting, teacher team building and teaching method design are also facing difficulties. The way to promote the in-depth development of general education is to deepen and unify the concept and connotation of general education;Strengthen the systematization, modularization and individualization of general education courses;Create a professional education teaching team with reasonable structure, excellent quality and excellent level;Innovative education teaching model and method;Optimize the construction of management evaluation system implemented by education.