不同灌水量对干旱区枸杞水分利用效率及产量和品质的影响

Effects of Irrigation Amount on Water Use Efficiency, Fruit Yield and Fruit Quality ofLycium barbarum in Arid Area

【目的】利用非称重式蒸渗仪,研究不同灌水量对枸杞产量、水分利用效率和品质的影响,为干旱区枸杞节水灌溉提供理论依据。【方法】以5年生宁杞1号枸杞为研究对象,开展不同灌水量灌溉试验,试验共设4个处理,以习惯灌水量为对照,其他处理灌水量为对照的2/3、1/2、1/4,分别记为L_1、L_2、L_3、L_4,重复3次。分析灌水量对产量、水分利用效率和品质的影响。【结果】增加灌水量,枸杞各生长阶段的耗水量增加,各处理不同生长阶段的耗水量均以对照最大;灌水量对枸杞果形指数和枸杞总黄酮含量的影响不显著;随着灌水量的减少,枸杞受水分胁迫的程度加剧,果实横径、枸杞总黄酮含量和枸杞多糖含量呈下降的趋势,蒸腾蒸发量逐渐降低,产量显著减少;与对照相比,各处理间差异显著,各处理均表现为减产,降幅依次为11.31%(L_2)、43.07%(L_3)、45.69%(L_4)。【结论】在生产中,453.30 m^3/667 m^2的灌水量为枸杞适宜的灌水量。

【Objective】 The non-weighing lysimeter was used to study the effects of deficit irrigation on water use efficiency, fruit yield andLycium barbarum fruit quality, and provide a theoretical basis for water-saving irrigation in arid areas.【Method】Five year oldLycium barbarum "Ningqi No. 1" was used as the research object to carry out experiments with different irrigation amounts. The experiment consisted of 4 treatments and the amount of customary irrigation of the farmers was used as a control. The treatment was treated with 2/3, 1/2 and 1/4 of the customary irrigation amount, denoted as L1, L2, L3 and L4, respectively. Each treatment was repeated 3 times to analyze the effects of various treatments on water consumption, yield, water use efficiency and theLycium barbarum quality.【Result】With the increase of irrigation amount, the water consumption ofLycium barbarum increased in each growth stage, and the water consumption of the control was the largest in the different growth stages of the treatment;The effect of irrigation amount on the shape index and the content of total flavonoids inLycium barbarum was not significant;With the decrease of irrigation amount, the degree of water stress ofLycium barbarum increased, the diameter of fruit, the content of total flavonoids and polysaccharides decreased, the transpiration and transpiration decreased, and the yield decreased significantly. Compared with the control, the difference between the treatments was significant, and each treatment showed a decrease in yield, which was 11.31%(L2), 43.07%(L3), and 45.69%(L4).【Conclusion】To sum up, according to the principle of maximum benefit and the principle of sustainable use of soil moisture, in the production practice, the irrigation volume of 453.30 m^3/667 m^2 is the appropriate irrigation amount forLycium barbarum(wolfberry).