滴灌条件下棉花对土壤盐分及离子运移的影响

Effects of Cotton on Soil Salt and Ion Transport under Drip Irrigation

【目的】研究棉花对盐分及离子的运移的作用关系,分析滴灌棉田盐分的运移规律和影响机制。【方法】通过田间微区试验,对小区内盐渍化土壤进行混匀,设置种植棉花与未种植棉花试验处理,研究棉田土壤盐分离子的运移特征。【结果】灌溉使得0～40 cm土层土壤盐分、阴、阳离子含量明显下降,在40～60 cm土层浓度增加形成离子聚集区。棉花种植过程对0～30 cm土层土壤总盐分、阴阳离子都有一定的影响,但影响较为显著是10～20 cm土层的总盐分、Cl^-和SO_4^(2-)离子的含量,减缓了其运移过程,对其他离子的影响均未达到显著水平,对土壤pH值影响不大。【结论】棉花种植过程显著影响土壤10～20 cm土层的总盐分、Cl^-和SO_4^(2-)离子向下运移过程。

【Objective】 The purpose of this project is to explore the effect of cotton on salt and ion transport, and to explore the rule and mechanism of salt transport in cotton fields under drip irrigation.【Method】In this porject, the salinized soil in the plot was mixed by field microarea experiment, and the experimental treatment of cotton planting and non-planting cotton was set up to study the characteristics of soil salt ion transport in cotton field.【Result】The results showed that the contents of soil salt, negative and positive ions in 0-40 cm soil layer decreased significantly due to irrigation, and the concentration increased in 40-60 cm soil layer to form an ion accumulation area. The cotton planting process had a certain impact on the total soil salt and negative and positive ions in the 0-30 cm soil layer, but the significant impact was on the content of total salt, Cl- and SO42- in the 10-20 cm soil layer. The migration process was slowed down, and the effect on other ions did not reach a significant level, with little effect on soil pH value.【Conclusion】The cotton planting process significantly affected the downward migration of total salt, Cl- and SO42- ions in the soil layer of 10-20 cm.