非小细胞肺癌腹膜转移预后因素的单中心回顾性分析

A Single Center, Retrospective Analysis of Prognosis in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients with Peritoneal Carcinomatosis

背景与目的腹膜转移(peritoneal carcinomatosis, PC)在肺癌中较为罕见,但预后极差,目前影响PC发生和预后的因素尚不清楚。本研究旨在探讨非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)PC的临床病理特征和治疗情况对预后的影响。方法回顾性分析2010年8月-2018年8月于北京大学第三医院肿瘤化疗与放射病科接受治疗的NSCLC、符合入组条件的PC患者,采集年龄、性别、胸腔积液、基因状态等资料,应用Kaplan-Meier方法进行生存分析。结果共12例PC患者入组,均为异时性转移,PC发生率为1.44%(12/836);12例患者均为腺癌,确诊肺癌时50%(6/12)患者合并胸腔积液,确诊PC时100%(12/12)患者合并胸腔积液;12例患者中9例含有表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFR)、间变性淋巴瘤激酶(anaplastic lymphoma kinase, ALK)、ROS原癌基因1受体酪氨酸激酶(ROS proto-oncogene 1 receptor tyrosine kinase, ROS1)突变;含有基因突变患者一线治疗开始后的中位生存期(median overall survival 1, mOS1)和确诊PC后的中位生存期(medial overall survival 2, mOS2)显著高于无突变组,分别为26.0个月和6.0个月比10.0个月和1.5个月(P<0.05);确诊PC后治疗组患者的mOS2为6.0个月,显著高于未治疗组的1.0个月(P<0.05);确诊PC后,含有血管生成抑制剂治疗组的m OS2为8.5个月,显著高于其他组(P<0.05)。结论肺腺癌和胸腔积液患者或许是发生PC的高危人群;含有血管生成抑制剂治疗策略或许能给PC患者带来更多获益,需要前瞻性研究进一步验证。

Background and objective Peritoneal carcinomatosis is a rare clinical event in lung cancer and the prognosis is very poor. There are limited data on what factors predict peritoneal progression and affect the outcome. The aim of this study is to investigate investigate the factors associated with peritoneal carcinomatosis. Methods The patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer(NSCLC) from the Department of Medical Oncology and Radiation Sickness, Peking University Third Hospital were eligible for retrospective analysis between August 2010 and August 2018. Clinical factors such as age, gender, histology, pleural effusion and gene mutations with epidermal growth factor receptor/anaplastic lymphoma kinase/ROS proto-oncogene 1 receptor tyrosine kinase(EGFR/ALK/ROS1) were analyzed. Overall survival(OS) was calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Results 1.44%(12/836) patients in this study developed peritoneal carcinomatosis and 12 patients with adenocarcinoma had metachronous NSCLC diagnosis and PC. Malignant pleural effusion rates at baseline and at PC diagnosis were separately 50%(6/12) and 100.0%(12/12). Among the 12 patients, 9 patients harbored EGFR/ALK/ROS1 mutation. The outcome of patients with EGFR/ALK/ROS1 mutation was significantly better than that of patients without EGFR/ALK/ROS1 mutation, the mOS1 and mOS2 were separately 26.0 months and 6.0 months versus 10.0 months and 1.5 months(P<0.05). The mOS2 of patients with aggressive treatment after PC diagnosis was 6.0 months, significantly better than 1.0 month of patients with best supportive care(P<0.05). The mOS2 of the patients with angiogenesis inhibitors based-treatment after PC diagnosis was 8.5 months, significantly longer than that of patients with other treatments(P<0.05). Conclusion Adenocarcinoma and malignant pleural effusion are highly associated with peritoneal carcinomatosis in patients with advancedNSCLC. Aggressive treatment for lung cancer with PC is encouraged when possible. More patients with PC may benefit from the treatment strategies with angiogenesis inhibitors. Further prospective trials are urgently needed.