收入不平等对农村居民身心健康的影响——基于CGSS2015数据的实证分析

The Impact of Income Inequality on the Physical and Mental Health of theRural Residents:Empirical Analysis Based on CGSS2015

为了全面推进"健康中国"发展战略,打赢脱贫攻坚战,农村居民健康不容忽视。虽然采用跨国数据进行的研究基本上证实了收入不平等对人口健康产生的不利影响,但采用跨地区和个体层面数据的研究仍未得出一致结论,因此本文利用CGSS2015数据,采用Ordered Logit模型分析了个体和群体收入不平等对农村居民自评健康和心理健康的影响。研究发现,个体收入不平等(Podder指数、Kakwani指数、全样本Yitzhaki指数)对农村居民自评和心理健康均存在显著负向影响,群体收入不平等(基尼系数)对农村居民自评和心理健康在整体上都存在"U型"影响关系,但这种"U型"关系的具体形状存在差异,在自评健康的"U型"关系中大部分样本位于其右侧,心理健康中大部分样本位于左侧。除此之外,部分个体层面、家庭层面、社会层面的变量对农村居民的身心健康也有影响。

In order to comprehensively promote the "Healthy China"strategy and win the tough fight against poverty,the health of rural residents cannot be ignored.Although studies using transnational data basically confirmed that income inequality has a negative impact on health,the studies which adopted the data in the regional level and individual level have not reached consistent conclusions.Therefore,this paper used CGSS2015 data and adopted the Ordered Logit model to analyze the impact of income inequality( both the income inequality in individual level and group level) on rural households’ self-reported and mental health.The results show that individual-level income inequality( measured by Podder index,Kakwani index,and whole-sample Yitzhaki indexs) has a significant negative effect on rural households’ self-reported and mental health,while group-level income inequality( measured by Gini coefficient) has a "U"shape effect.Specifically,most samples lie on the right side in the " U" relationship of self-reported health,while most samples are on the left side in the "U"relationship of mental health.In addition,some variables in the individual,family and social level also have significant effects on the self-reported and mental health of rural households.