蚯蚓对畜禽粪便堆肥的影响综述

Review on the effect of earthworms on composting of livestock and poultry manure

文章综述了接种蚯蚓对畜禽粪便堆肥理化性质及重金属的影响。接种蚯蚓可能会导致禽畜粪便堆肥全氮含量有所降低,但易被植物直接吸收的速效氮、速效磷、速效钾含量升高;接种蚯蚓能使畜禽粪便堆肥的pH值降低并趋近中性;表层种能更好地降低堆肥碳/氮;因生活环境与取食习性存在差异,内层种蚯蚓比表层种蚯蚓能更有效地提高微生物的数量与活性;蚯蚓能够降低畜禽粪便堆肥中有机质及重金属元素含量,但不同生态型蚯蚓对于粪便中重金属的富集效应不尽相同。为合理利用畜禽排泄物,减少对环境的污染,利用蚯蚓进行畜禽粪便堆肥处理时蚓种的选择非常重要。

This paper reviewed the effects of different ecotypes earthworms on the physiochemical properties and heavy metal content of livestock and poultry manures. Earthworms decreased TN, but increased available N, available P and available K contents of manures. Review showed that the pH was reduced after vermicomposting process which shifted pH significantly towards neutral. Epigeic earthworms played an important role in reducing C/N ration. Endogeic earthworms significantly increased microbial biomass and activity than epigeic earthworms in manure substrates due to different burrow habitat and life habits. Vermicomposting played a positive role in decreasing organic matter and heavy metals content of manures. However, the concentration effect of heavy metals in faeces was different for different ecotypes of earthworms. It is important to choice suitable earthworm to rationally control, and treat livestock manures and reduce environmental pollution.