清末民初中华全国商会联合会的筹设与成立

The Preparation and Establishment of All-China Federation of Chambers of Commerce in the Late Qing Dynasty and the Early Republic of China

清末各地商会诞生之后,商界有识之士又意识到应该使"会与会联合而成大会"。1907年和1909年上海商会两次发起召开的商会讨论会,都曾商议成立华商联合会事项,并设立开办处负责筹备工作,由于种种原因一直未能实现。民国建立后,上海、汉口商会继续推动华商联合会的成立,并于1912年在全国临时工商会议举行期间接连召集商会代表商讨相关事宜,通过了全国商会联合会章程,呈请工商部批准立案,终使全国性商会组织得以正式成立。全国商会联合会的筹设与成立,体现了商人合群思想与自我认同意识的不断增强,在近代中国商会发展史上具有重要地位与影响。

With the emergence of chambers of commerce in various places in the late Qing dynasty,people of vision in the business circle realized that they should "unite the local chambers into a national federation."In 1907 and 1909,Shanghai chamber of commerce held two chamber symposiums and discussed the establishment of China’s Merchant Federation.It even set up a start-up office to be responsible for the preparatory work,but for various reasons the establishment of the federation had not been realized.After the founding of the Republic of China,the Shanghai and Hankou chambers of commerce continued to promote the establishment of China’s Merchant Federation.In 1912,during the National Provisional Industry and Commerce Conference,representatives of local chambers were called together to discuss related matters,and the constitution of All-China Federation of Chambers of Commerce was finalized and submitted to the Ministry of Industry and Commerce for approval,which finally lead to the formal establishment of national federation of chambers of commerce.The preparation and establishment of All-China Federation of Chambers of Commerce reflect the continuous enhancement of Chinese merchants’ gregarious thought and self-identification consciousness.It holds an important position and influence in the development history of modern Chinese chambers of commerce.