摘要
本研究从生长、饲料利用和体成分等指标综合评价饲料蛋白质含量对凡纳滨对虾的影响。研究发现,在海水养殖环境下,饲料蛋白水平对凡纳滨对虾的存活率、增重率、特定生长率、饵料系数、蛋白效率和虾体粗蛋白含量均有显著性影响(p<0.05)。摄食饲料蛋白含量38%的海养凡纳滨对虾有较高的存活率、增重率以及最高的特定生长率。饵料系数随蛋白含量的增加而减小,虾体粗蛋白含量随饲料蛋白水平升高而增加,而蛋白含量38%和41%实验组饵料系数和虾体粗蛋白含量均没有显著性差异(p>0.05)。淡化水养殖条件下,凡纳滨对虾的存活率随饲料蛋白水平的增加而提高,而增重率和特定生长率均在饲料蛋白含量35%实验组最高,饵料系数随蛋白含量的增加先减小后增大,蛋白含量35%实验组饵料系数显著小于其他实验组。海水养殖条件下,凡纳滨对虾的存活率、末体重、增重率、特定生长率和蛋白质效率均高于淡水养殖的对虾。对虾虾体粗蛋白、粗脂肪和粗灰分含量均随盐度升高而升高,而虾体水分随着盐度的升高而降低。
In this study,the effect of feed protein content on Litopenaeus vannamei was comprehensively evaluated from growth,feed utilization and body composition.Results of the study are presented as follows:In marine aquaculture environment,dietary protein levels had significant effects on the survival rate,weight gain rate,specific growth rate,feed conversion rate,protein efficiency and crude protein content of Litopenaeus vannamei(p<0.05);Litopenaeus vannamei fed on the sea with the feed of 38% protein content had higher survival rate,weight gain rate,and the highest specific growth rate;Feed conversion ratio(FCR)decreased with the increase of protein;Crude protein content of shrimp increased with the increase of feed protein level,while the FCR and crude protein of shrimp in the experimental groups with 38% and 41% protein content were not significantly different(p>0.05).In freshwater aquaculture environment,the survival rate of L.vannamei increased with the increase of dietary protein level,while the weight gain rate and specific growth rate were the highest in the experimental group with 35% dietary protein content.The FCR decreased firstly and then increased with the increase of protein content.FCR in the experimental group with 35% protein content was significantly lower than that in the other experimental groups.In marine aquaculture environment,the survival rate,the last body weight,weight gain,specific growth rate and protein efficiency of L.vannamei were higher than those of freshwater cultured shrimp.Crude protein,crude fat and crude ash content in shrimp increased with the increase of salinity,while moisture content in shrimp decreased with the increase of salinity.
作者
苟妮娜
张建禄
Gou Nina;Zhang Jianlu(Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Rare and Endangered Animal Conservation in Qinling Mountains,Shaanxi Institute of Zoology,Xi'an,710032)
出处
《基因组学与应用生物学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第3期1039-1047,共9页
Genomics and Applied Biology
基金
陕西省科学院科技计划项目(2015k-25
2015k-23)资助
关键词
凡纳滨对虾
饲料蛋白水平
生长
Litopenaeus vannamei
Dietary protein level
Growth