不同施肥处理对茶树根际微生物群落结构的影响

Effects of Different Fertilization Treatments on Community Structure of Rhizosphere Microbe of Camellia sinensis

为探究不同施肥处理对茶树根际微生物的影响,于2016年1月在苏州某茶园设置3个实验组:CF(传统化肥)、CF+BF (传统化肥+菌肥)、CK (对照),采用荧光定量PCR和扩增子高通量测序分别测定细菌的生物量和物种组成。实验数据表明:茶树根际优势细菌为厚壁菌门、变形菌门、放线菌门、酸杆菌门和拟杆菌门,平均相对丰度分别为33.51%、29.47%、12.18%、7.53%和5.68%;施用传统化肥后土壤中细菌含量显著增加(p<0.05),达(7.37±1.23)×10~9 copies/g;CF+BF组与CK组没有显著差异;施肥组(CF, CF+BF)中细菌的物种数、辛普森多样性、香浓多样性和谱系多样性均显著低于对照组;CF组中芽孢八叠球菌属和CF+BF组中Chitinophagaceae含量显著增加,而两组中Ellin329含量显著低于对照组。本研究揭示了施肥方式与土壤细菌群落结构的关系,为合理施肥提供了理论依据。

Inorder to explore the influence of different fertilization treatments on rhizomicrobiome of Camellia sinensis,three experimental groups were set up in a tea garden in Suzhou in January 2016,including the chemical fertilizer group(CF),the chemical fertilizer plus bacterial fertilizer group(CF+BF),and the control group(CK).Biomassand community structure of bacteria were determined by real-time PCR and high-throughput amplicon sequencing.The experimental data showed that the dominant bacteria in the rhizosphere of Camellia sinensis were Firmicutes,Proteobacteria,Actino-bacteria,Acidobacteria,and Bacteroidetes,with average relative abundance of 33.51%,29.47%,12.18%,7.53% and 5.68%,respectively;The content of bacteria in soil increased significantly(p<0.05)after applying traditional chemical fertilizer,reaching(7.37±1.23)×10^9 copies/g;There was no significant difference between CF+BF group and CK group.The species number,Simpson index,Shannon's diversity index,and Phylogenetic diversity index of the fertilization group(CF,CF+BF)were significantly lower than those in the control group(CK).The content of Sporosarcina in CF group and Chitinophagaceae in(CF+BF)group increased significantly,while the content of Ellin329 in the two groups was significantly lower than that in the control group(CK).Our results revealed the relationship of fertilization methods and the community structure of soil bacteria and could provide a theoretical basis for rational fertilization.