基于ANSYS的管板有限元分析及其优化设计

Finite Element Analysis and Optimization Design of Tube Plate Based on ANSYS

换热器中的管板除了承受管程压力和壳程压力乊外,还要承受热流体和冷流体由于温度梯度所带来的温差应力,管板的受力情况复杂多变,严重影响换热设备的经济性和安全性。利用ANSYS有限元分析软件对管板进行了应力和热-应力耦合分析,比较了其应力云图的分布特点,再对7种工况下的应力进行评定,最后以管板质量为目标函数,以管板厚度为设计变量,以管板最大应力为状态变量,对管板进行结极的优化分析,所得结论对于换热器中管板的优化具有一定的指导意义。

In addition to tube pressure and shell pressure, tube plate in the heat exchanger also bears temperature difference stress caused by thermal fluid and cold fluid due to temperature gradient. The force of tube plate is complex and changeable, which seriously affects economy and safety of heat exchanger. Therefore, ANSYS finite element analysis software was used to analyze the stress and thermal stress coupling of tube plate, distribution characteristics of stress cloud map were compared, and then the stresses in seven working conditions were evaluated. Finally, tube plate mass was used as objective function, tube plate thickness was used as the design variable and tube plate maximum stress was used as the state variable, optimization analysis of tube plate structure was carried out.