梵净山紫苏紫苏醛的提取及其含量分析

Extraction and Content Analysis of Perillaldehyde of Perilla frutescens from Fanjing Mountain

[目的]利用高效液相色谱测定梵净山4种紫苏(FMPF)茎、叶、果萼和籽4个部位中紫苏醛含量。[方法]在单因素试验结果的基础上,以甲醇为提取剂,紫苏醛提取率为响应值,对料液比、提取时间进行响应面法优化。其他固定条件为超声提取温度35℃,提取1次,频率40 kHz,功率300 W。以最佳条件提取、高效液相色谱测定4种紫苏4个部位中紫苏醛。[结果]最优条件:料液比1∶60、提取时间24 min;同一紫苏茎、叶、果萼、籽中紫苏醛含量均有显著差异(P<0.05),叶>果萼>茎>籽;4种紫苏叶、果萼紫苏醛含量差异显著(P<0.05);FMPF1(叶阔卵形、两面紫色、边缘锯齿浅)和FMPF4(叶卵形、两面紫色、具狭而深锯齿)紫苏叶中紫苏醛含量分别为7.537和6.139 mg/g,果萼中的含量分别为3.712和3.887 mg/g。[结论]梵净山紫苏(FMPF1、FMPF4)是提取紫苏醛的优质资源,同时提示紫苏醛含量与叶型具有一定的相关性。

[Objective] The content of perillaldehyde in stems,leaves,fruit calyx and seeds of four kinds of Perilla frutescens from Fanjin Mountain (FMPF) was determined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).[Method ]Based on the single factor test results,taking methyl alcohol as the extraction solvent,solid-liquid ratio and extraction time were considered for the further optimized using response surface method (RSM) when perillaldehyde content(PAC)was used as response.And other ultrasonic conditions were fixed for extraction temperature 35 ℃,times of1,frequency 40 kHz,power 300 W.Perillaldehyde from four partsof P.frutescens were extracted under optimal conditions and determined by HPLC.[Result] The optimum conditions were obtained as follows:solid-liquid ratio1 ∶60,extraction time24 min.PAC in stems,leaves,fruit calyx and seeds of the same P.frutescens were significantly differences ( P <0.05),leaves>fruit calyx>stems>seeds.PAC in leaves or fruit calyx between 4 kinds of P.frutescens also had significant differences ( P < 0.05),and PAC in leaves of FMPF1(broad ovate,purplish on both sides leaves and itsmargin is shallow sawtooth)or FMPF4(ovate,purplish on both sides leaves and itsmargin is deep sawtooth)were 7.537 and 6.139 mg/g,respectively,and PAC of their fruit calyx is 3.712 and 3.887 mg/g,respectively.[Conclusion] The P.frutescens (FMPF1,FMPF4) from Fanjing Mountain is a good resource for extracting perillaldehyde.Simultaneously,it is suggested that there is a correlation between leaf morphology and PAC.