分时通勤缓解高峰拥堵的作用机理及效用

Mechanism and Effect of Time Segmenting Commuting on Congestion Alleviation

通勤者的出行意愿和路网的交通状态直接影响了交通需求管理措施的实施效果.在对比分析错时上班制和弹性工作时间制优缺点的基础上,提出了根据通勤个体上班时间意愿,统筹制定分时段上班制度的"分时通勤"新措施,进而提出了"三阶段两步骤"的分时通勤政策制定方法.通过收集上海市异质的通勤者意愿上班时段及出行信息,分析了通勤者对分时通勤政策的接受程度,利用两步骤的调节方法对不同企业性质的通勤者上班时段分布进行了优化,验证了分时通勤政策的可行性和有效性.

Commuters’ travel preferences and road network traffic states synthetically have direct impact on the efficiency of travel demand management measures. On the basis and analysis of the deficiencies and merits of staggered work hours and flexible work arrangement, a new demand management named time segmenting commuting was proposed which includes three periods and two adjustments. The new management allows traffic managers arrange work start time distribution for all companies with the consideration of commuter’s preferred work start time. With collected preferred work start time and commute information of representative commuters in Shanghai, the acceptability of time segmenting commuting has been investigated. Then the work start time distribution was adjusted and analyzed according to the proposed adjustment which improved its efficiency and feasibility.