田螺山遗址灵芝遗存的三维重构及鉴定

Three-dimensional reconstruction and identification of Ganoderma lucidum remains from Tianluoshan Site

灵芝在中国古代被誉为仙药,是当代中医药考古研究的重要线索。随着考古遗址陆续发现疑似灵芝遗存,其鉴定工作也成为当前的研究热点。传统灵芝的鉴定依靠子实体外观鉴别和孢子观察,但古代灵芝遗存很难完整保存下来,孢子观察方法需要大量标准样品对比,工作量非常大。为了更加高效地鉴别出灵芝遗存,在前人研究基础上,本研究利用显微CT成像,以田螺山遗址出土的疑似灵芝为例,对残留遗存进行了三维重构,并与当代标样进行了对比。结果表明该方法可以有效鉴别出灵芝子实体,为古代灵芝遗存的鉴别提供了新方法。与传统形貌对比方法不同,三维重构的方法不仅快捷、方便,且不受遗存外观的影响。该方法也可为其他具有特征性结构的古代植株的鉴别提供借鉴。

Well-known as the source of an elixir in ancient China, Ganoderma lucidum(the lingzhi mushroom) also provides important clues in contemporary studies to the origins of traditional Chinese medicine. Since remains suspected to be those of Ganoderma lucidum are often discovered in archaeological sites, their identification has become a focus of much research. Traditionally, Ganoderma lucidum is identified by its appearance and the observation of spores. However, sometimes these two methods are not practical because ancient Ganoderma lucidum remains cannot be kept intact easily and the workload is quite heavy. In order to identify Ganoderma lucidum remains more efficiently, we conducted micro-CT imaging and 3 D reconstruction of Ganoderma lucidum remains unearthed from Tianluoshan Site. The reconstructed images, compared with standards, showed conclusive identification of the Ganoderma lucidum body, demonstrating a new method for the identification of ancient Ganoderma lucidum remains. Differing from the traditional method of appearance contrast, 3 D reconstruction is not only fast and convenient, but also not affected by the appearance of remains. Therefore, this method can also provide reference for the identification of other ancient plants with characteristic structures.