20世纪50年代水土保持运动中的妇女动员——以陕西绥德为例

Women's Mobilization in Soil and Water Conservation Movement in the 1950s——A Case Study of Suide County,Shaanxi Province

水土保持是集体化时期黄土高原地区一项伟大的社会工程。20世纪50年代,随着农业集体化的推进,绥德县的水土保持工作持续深入,劳动力不足的问题随之凸显,成为制约水土保持工作顺利开展的主要障碍。绥德县委将发动妇女作为解决这一困境的重要举措,并通过思想动员、贯彻"以方计工,同工同酬"、解决妇女生活拖累和技术瓶颈以及典型塑造等诸多方式,成功地发动广大妇女投身水土保持工作。妇女的积极参与大大推动了水土保持的进程,为发展山区农业和根治黄河水患作出了巨大贡献。

Soil and water conservation is a great social project in the Loess Plateau during the period of collectivization. In the 1950 s,with the advancement of the collectivization of agriculture, the soil and water conservation work in Suide County continued to deepen, and the problem of insufficient labor force became apparent, becoming a major obstacle to the smooth development of soil and water conservation work. The Suide County Committee will launch women as an important measure to solve this dilemma, and through the ideological mobilization,implementing "Equilibrium by Equal Labor and Equal Pay for Equal Work"solving women’s life drag and technical difficulties and typical modeling and many other ways. successfully launched the majority of women to participate in soil and water conservation work. The active participation of women has greatly promoted the process of soil and water conservation and made great contributions to the development of agriculture in the mountains and the cure of flooding in the Yellow River.