收入越高农民工越有安全感吗——政策敏感度视角下的群体分化特征研究

The More Income, the More Security of Migrant Workers? Group Differentiation Feature from a Perspective of Sensitivity to Policies

本文从分析农民工安全感的影响因素着手,比较收入因素对不同群体安全感的影响效应差异。结果显示:整体而言,主观收入等级越高的农民工安全感越强,而名义收入越高的农民工反而安全感越弱,可能的原因是房价和户籍限制;群组分析发现,收入因素对安全感的影响效应在不同群体间存在显著差异,这意味着具有某些属性的群体对涉及收入因素的相关政策敏感度较高,如1990年以前出生、初中及以上学历、雇员身份、省内跨市流动或流入时间介于2～4年之间。故应充分关注农民工群体的分化特征,甄别不同群体的实际需求和政策敏感度,匹配实施差异化的社区建设、住房保障与公共服务供给策略。

This paper analyzes the influencing factors of security and compares the effect of income factors on security of different groups. The results show that: overall, the higher the subjective income level, the stronger the security of migrant workers;however, but the higher the nominal income, the weaker their sense of security, which is mainly due to housing costs and household registration restrictions;the group analysis found that the effect of income factors on security was significantly different among groups;it means they would be more sensitive to policies involving income factors relatively, if the characteristics of group members are bom before 1990, graduated from junior high school or above, employee status, inter-city flows in the province, or lived locally for 2 to 4 years. Therefore, we should pay attention to the group differentiation of migrant workers, identify the actual needs and sensitivity to policy in different groups, and implement different supply strategies of community improvement, housing security and public service.